International Higher Education Teacher Award ^2024/25

FLEX-EMLAB is a compact, modular and portable test bench developed at the University of Zagreb Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (UniZG FER). Since the spring semester of the 2020/2021 academic year, it has been used in different courses at the bachelor level, as this flexible, low-cost setup enables students to perform practical experiments with different types of electrical machines and energy systems. The FLEX-EMLAB promotes active learning and critical thinking by giving students the opportunity to engage hands-on with electromechanical systems. It allows students to safely and practically explore the key principles of energy conversion, efficiency, torque, power factor, etc. in courses such as Electromechanical Energy Conversion, while demonstrating electric motor control and testing real-time settings and control algorithms in the Fundamentals of Electric Machine Control course. Unlike traditional, bulky and expensive experimental setups, the FLEX-EMLAB is portable, easy to transport and can be quickly set up in different environments, improving its accessibility and versatility. This allows it to be integrated into different learning environments, from large lecture halls to smaller laboratories, making it particularly interesting for institutions with limited resources. The modularity of FLEX-EMLAB's components also allows for easy customization to meet the needs of different lab exercises. All of this encourages and facilitates the learning of problem-solving skills and technical expertise that are crucial for future engineers. To summarize, the key features of the FLEX-EMLAB are: 1. Modular and compact design: It can be easily adapted for different lab exercises, transported and set up in different locations in a institution. 2. Hands-on learning: It provides practical experience with electrical machines and combines theory with real-world applications. 3. Cost-effective: It is more affordable than traditional large-scale stationary equipment and provides high-quality training without high costs. Overall, the FLEX-EMLAB represents a significant advance in engineering education by providing an affordable, space-saving and flexible alternative to traditional experimental setups. Its innovative design transforms the way electrical engineering concepts are taught and provides students with practical skills that are essential for their future careers, especially in key areas such as sustainable energy conversion.

Methodology

In the 2018/2019 academic year, FER introduced a new curriculum that focuses on combining practical technical skills with a solid theoretical foundation. To support this, the Department of Electric Machines, Drives and Automation has developed FLEX-EMLAB, which uses a systematic development methodology, design, implementation and verification as follows: 1. Development and objective: FLEX-EMLAB was developed to fulfill the requirement of the FER curriculum for hands-on learning and to bridge the gap between theory and engineering practice. Challenges included limited access to laboratories, the high cost of similar setups and insufficient mobility for experimentation. FLEX-EMLAB proved to be an affordable, flexible and modular solution. It primarily addresses the Electromechanical Energy Conversion (EEC) and Fundamentals of Electric Machine Control (FOEMC) courses and is designed to teach practical skills in energy conversion, motor control and sustainability. Approximately 150 students take these courses each year, where they gain foundational knowledge for careers in fields such as automation, power engineering, etc. 2. Design and components: FLEX-EMLAB consists of a modular main control box and an electrical machine stand. The control box has a fixed housing and a movable door with safety banana plugs, encoder and sensor inputs, signal LED lights, control and safety switches and easily accessible wiring with diagrams for intuitive use. Inside are components such as AC-DC-AC converter, thyristor rectifier, safety devices and contactors mounted on a DIN rail. All components used are industry standard and modular, meaning they can be easily replaced or adapted to the user's needs. The machine stand houses two coupled machines on a single shaft specially designed to be easily (un)coupled or locked. This provides flexibility for experimentation while incorporating robust safety measures such as insulated junction boxes and shaft covers. This innovative, user-friendly design prioritizes safety, simplifies setup and allows a variety of experiments such as wiring, efficiency analysis, torque measurements, etc. 3. Implementation and testing: The conceptual design phase began in late 2019 and led to a final design and production of six units by early 2020. After rigorous testing, the FLEX-EMLAB was rolled out to FOEMC students in the spring 2020/2021 semester and EEC students in the fall 2021/2022 semester. As part of the rollout, instructors were trained to seamlessly integrate the lab into courses and design exercises aligned with course objectives, such as energy conversion and motor control. 4. Review and Optimization: Student feedback has shown that FLEX-EMLAB improves learning outcomes. Surveys and course evaluations indicated satisfaction with the practical application and relevance of the program. Faculty feedback led to improvements, such as the addition of a mini control box for enhanced external control capabilities with switches and potentiometers. This iterative process demonstrates a commitment to continuous improvement and adaptability. 5. Roles and partners: The original idea for the FLEX-EMLAB came from Professor Stjepan Stipetić, while assistant Filip Jukić designed the main control box, supported by Professor Martina Kutija with the educational aspects and Professor Luka Pravica with the industrial and safety standards. Technician Dražen Kubatović designed a special shaft and contributed with his expertise on mechanics, while external collaborators led the assembly based on the provided project documentation. The tests and user manuals carried out by the design team ensured compliance with safety and usability standards. The result is that FLEX-EMLAB stands out as an innovative, student-centered tool. Thanks to its affordability and modularity, it is accessible to different students and can be adapted to different teaching situations. By emphasizing energy efficiency and resource-conscious engineering practices, it is in line with sustainability. Real-world challenges are simulated in a controlled, hands-on environment, which encourages critical thinking and problem solving. Consequently, the methodology has led to tangible, impactful results. FLEX-EMLAB has become an important part of teaching and directly enhances learning outcomes in EEC and FOEMC. Students gain practical insights into sustainability through energy conversion and motor control exercises in a highly safe laboratory setup that minimizes the risk of dangerous electric shock or mechanical damage. The modular design supports FER's goals for hands-on education and addresses global sustainability challenges to prepare graduates for future technological and environmental demands. In summary, the development, integration and results of FLEX-EMLAB are an example of a methodical, innovative approach to student-centered and sustainability-focused education. It bridges gaps in engineering curricula and provides students with essential technical and practical skills for modern industry.

Tools, equipment, technology used

FLEX-EMLAB integrates new, innovative tools, technologies, and methods to redefine hands-on electrical engineering education. Designed with cutting-edge software and manufacturing techniques, EPLAN was used for precise electrical design and documentation, ensuring a compact, functional layout that complies with rigorous safety standards. SolidWorks enabled the creation of detailed 3D models for the control box and machine stand, optimizing portability and modularity while enhancing usability. The setup incorporates bespoke components, such as 3D-printed shafts and safety junction boxes, allowing for rapid prototyping and cost-effective customization. This innovative approach ensures adaptability to various learning needs while maintaining high safety standards. During validation, electrical parameters were verified under diverse conditions using precision multimeters, ensuring reliable and accurate system performance. FLEX-EMLAB fosters student engagement with professional equipment and methods in a new learning environment. Students gain hands-on experience in wiring, parameter measurement, and modular system operation, developing skills essential for modern engineering challenges. Its modular and portable design, combined with the use of state-of-the-art tools and technology, creates a practical and safe educational platform that emphasizes innovation, flexibility, and skill development.

Outcomes and outputs, main results

Since the spring semester 2020/2021, FLEX-EMLAB has been a key educational tool in the EEC and FOEMC courses at FER, providing clear, measurable and structured outcomes. In the EEC course, students participate in team-based laboratory exercises on DC and induction machines and perform parameter determination, open-circuit and short-circuit testing, and load analysis. These activities foster collaboration, task management, and hands-on engineering skills as students alternate roles in wiring, making measurements, etc. On the other hand, students in the FOEMC course independently perform advanced exercises including DC motor characterization, variable load operation, and control of DC and induction machines. In this way, individual competencies are developed in the areas of energy conversion, efficiency optimization and motor control, important skills for modern engineering. Therefore, FLEX-EMLAB is inherently student-centered and provides a safe, adaptable environment through features such as insulated junction boxes, safety cables and modular components. Its flexibility supports various equipment configurations and allows experimentation with various machines within the same power range. In addition, the portability of the FLEX-EMLAB proved crucial after the Zagreb earthquake in 2020 and facilitated the move during the renovation of the FER infrastructure which began in 2023, ensuring uninterrupted laboratory operations, optimized space utilization and continuity of education. In summary, these outcomes are in line with the outlined EHEA goals, which emphasize practical, student-centered learning methods, resource efficiency and resilience in the delivery of education. As such, the FLEX-EMLAB is an example of innovative and measurable progress in engineering education.

Lessons learnt

The successful implementation of FLEX-EMLAB relied on careful planning and decision-making focused on educational objectives, integrating theoretical and practical learning. Early collaboration with lecturers ensured seamless curriculum integration and alignment with course requirements. The intuitive system design, robust safety features, and detailed user manuals were key to success. Simplified interfaces, such as labeled and user-friendly door mounted components, enhanced usability, while rigorous pre-deployment testing ensured reliability. Its modular, portable design increased adaptability and prolonged usability, even in resource-constrained environments. Challenges, including managing development time and avoiding overcomplicated designs, were overcome by focusing on essential features and cost efficiency. Lessons learned emphasize the need for sufficient time for design iterations and scalable, user-centered solutions. Continuous feedback from students and faculty led to optimizations, such as adding a mini control box for enhanced functionality. A structured review process ensured issues were addressed early, securing long-term success and adaptability.

Adaptability and sustainability of the best practice (for other institutions)

FLEX-EMLAB’s design emphasizes adaptability and sustainability, making it a replicable and durable solution for diverse institutions. Its compact, modular, and lightweight structure enables easy transportation and sharing in classrooms, institutions, or regions with limited resources. These features make it ideal for technical high schools, universities, and educational institutions, particularly in low-income countries, ensuring accessibility in various environments. The system's modularity allows institutions to customize setups to meet specific curricula and technological needs. For example, different electrical machines or control units can be integrated without altering the core design. Detailed documentation, including user manuals and safety protocols, simplifies implementation, enabling seamless use with minimal technical expertise. Affordability supports the system's adaptability. By using cost-effective manufacturing methods and scalable components, FLEX-EMLAB provides a cost-efficient alternative to expensive laboratory equipment without sacrificing quality or functionality. Sustainability is ensured through durable construction and easy maintenance, which reduce long-term costs. The system can incorporate upgrades or newer technologies over time, maintaining its relevance as curricula or industry standards evolve. These features make FLEX-EMLAB a viable, long-term teaching solution adaptable to various educational contexts.

Promotion of best practice

The FLEX-EMLAB was primarily promoted internally at FER, particularly at open door events where students could see the system in action and talk to lecturers. However, to maximize the impact of the system, it should also be promoted outside the FER. Participation in academic conferences, education fairs and industry events can raise awareness among educators, researchers and industry professionals interested in innovation in engineering education. In addition, an online presence on the FER’s website or social media can showcase FLEX-EMLAB through videos, tutorials and success stories. Academic publications and partnerships with other institutions can further increase outreach and demonstrate FLEX-EMLAB's adaptability and value as a portable, cost-effective hands-on educational solution. Such activities are certainly planned and the application to Profformance+ is part of the efforts to increase visibility and promote the FLEX-EMLAB.

Scope and impact

• Course/department level
• Faculty level
• Institutional level
• Cross-institutional level
• National level
• EU/EHEA/International level

FLEX-EMLAB has the potential to have a significant long-term impact at multiple levels of education in line with the goals of the EHEA. At the course and department level, FLEX-EMLAB bridges the gap between theory and practice in courses such as EEC and FOEMC by providing hands-on experience with energy conversion, motor control, and efficiency analysis that can be utilized in other similar courses within the department. It facilitates student-centered learning that promotes engagement and critical thinking, enhancing students’ practical skills and readiness for future careers. At the faculty level, FLEX-EMLAB's flexibility and cost-effectiveness allows it to be integrated with similar courses in other departments, such as the Department of Energy and Power Systems, modernizing education by replacing traditional, costly equipment. This adaptability supports dynamic teaching environments and improves the educational experience in all technical disciplines. On an institutional level, the FLEX-EMLAB strengthens UniZG's commitment to accessible, high-quality STEM education that improves students' employability and enhances their practical skills. It can also be adopted by similar technical faculties to increase its impact. At the national level, FLEX-EMLAB supports Croatian STEM initiatives by equipping resource-limited institutions with scalable, affordable tools that can improve workforce readiness in key industries, as it can be used not only at the college level but also in technical high schools. On an international level, the FLEX-EMLAB is in line with EU and EHEA goals for innovative, student-centered education. Its low cost compared to similar setups and its portability make it a viable solution for schools in low-income countries, enabling wider access to quality engineering education. The long-term impact of FLEX-EMLAB is ensured by its ability to adapt to evolving educational needs, ensuring its relevance at all levels of education. Overall, its portability improves usability between institutions, encourages collaboration and could set standards for practical engineering education.

6.1 Digitalization

• Outstanding, innovative, excellent practices of online / blended / hybrid learning
• Innovative, novel methodology in using digital tools/devices in teaching
• Innovative use of digital administration tools
• Digital skills development and assessment both general and profession-related, embedded in course design, in teaching and assessment

Reasoning: Digitalization is evident in the FOEMC labs where MATLAB/Simulink is used in two of nine labs to simulate DC machines and speed control to improve theoretical understanding prior to practical work with FLEX-EMLAB. Solutions are uploaded via Moodle and graded automatically, while Moodle quizzes before and after the exercises reinforce learning. This integration of digital tools with practical activities increases engagement, promotes digital literacy and enables effective assessment and feedback.

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6.2 Internationalization

• Other:

  High potential for internationalization.

Reasoning: FLEX-EMLAB promotes internationalization by providing accessible, adaptable, and cost-effective tools for diverse institutions globally. It fosters collaboration among students and educators through hands-on, modular learning making it suitable for various educational settings and cultural contexts. The system’s portability and ease of use allow international institutions to implement it contributing to the development of global competence by enhancing practical skills in electrical engineering.

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6.3 Inclusion and diversity, universal design

• Inclusive course design, universally designed divers activities to meet special students' needs
• Universally designed teaching material - adjustable for special needs
• Innovative teaching methodology for inclusion and meet diverse student needs
• (Innovative) use of devices and tools for inclusion

Reasoning: FLEX-EMLAB promotes inclusion through its modular, portable design which allows it to be used in accessible spaces, e.g. where the infrastructure is not suitable for wheelchair users. Safety features like insulated connectors ensure safe learning for all, while the flexible design allows adaptation to different learning needs and provides space for group or individual work. Its affordability expands access for underfunded institutions and ensures equitable opportunities in engineering education.

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6.4 Sustainability

• Sustainability goals are addressed in the course(s)
• Teaching material contains profession related sustainability aspects
• Special courses reflecting to UN 2030 Sustainability goals, Green Deal - mini-courses, microcredentials
• Environmental attitude, skill development and assessment either general or profession-related
• Sustainability aspects are considered in all phases of the learning practice - "hidden curriculum"

Reasoning: Sustainability is an integral part of FLEX-EMLAB's practice, as the courses in which FLEX-EMLAB is used explicitly teach basic knowledge that is important for sustainable development, such as energy production, conversion, efficiency, etc. The hands-on methodology encourages critical thinking in terms of sustainable solutions as students can analyze real data on motor efficiency and energy consumption. Competencies related to sustainable practices are assessed through lab exercises and Moodle quizzes to ensure understanding and application of sustainability principles. In addition, FLEX-EMLAB’s modular and portable design encourages resource optimization, waste reduction and sharing. While there is not yet a direct link to the SDGs or community partnerships, the focus on energy issues is linked to global sustainability goals such as the UN 2030 SDGs and the European Green Deal, preparing students to tackle real-world challenges in the transition to green technology.

3.3 Public contact datas

Name	Email address	Website
Filip Jukić	filip.jukic@fer.unizg.hr	https://www.fer.unizg.hr/en/filip.jukic